Từ vựng IELTS – Unit 34: Signposting expressions for writing – Học Hay

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Từ vựng IELTS - Unit 34: Signposting expressions for writing

1. Match the beginning of each sentence 1—6 with the most appropriate ending a-f.

1. Employment opportunities for graduates a have declined;	A. prior to the granting of planning permission.
2. He explained the terms 'biosphere' and 'ecosystem'; the former refers to the atmosphere, water and land where life occurs and	B. moreover, the poorest ten per cent should be given immediate assistance.
3. Steps should be taken to raise the living standards of all families living below the poverty line;	C. whilst in most industrialised countries, the majority of pupils study mathematics until the age of 18.
4. In the United Kingdom, only 15 per cent of pupils pursue the subject beyond the age of 16,	D. thus women suffer disproportionately when there are cuts in government expenditure.
5. There must be a thorough assessment of the environmental impact of the new development	E. nevertheless, young people continue to aspire to a university education.
6. A higher proportion of women work in the public sector;	F. the latter refers to the interaction between living things and their environment.

 

2. For each sentence 1-6 above, write a letter a—e indicating whether a point has been:

A. added

B. contrasted

C. sequenced [put in order]

D. expressed as a consequence

 

3. For each sentence 1-6, underline the word in italics that can be used to complete the sentence.

1. He worked casually for several years prior/initial to receiving a proper job contract.

2. Many independent film makers achieve critical success; whilst/nevertheless they often find it difficult to raise funds for future projects.

3. At first we decided that hence/on balance, starting a business would be a worthwhile experience.

4. His subsequent/respectively book was not as good as his first.

5. The west of the county has a tropical climate, whereas/nevertheless the east is quite arid.

6. Ireland and Greece joined the European Union in 1973 and 1981 latter/respectively.

 

4. Complete the passage with words from this unit. For some gaps, there may be more than one possible answer.

Studying abroad has become increasingly challenging over the last year or two. Visa regulations have become more complex and the cost of travelling abroad has increased substantially. [1] _____, record numbers of students have applied for a place at a university overseas. When international students first arrive in the new country, their [2] _____ impression is often favourable. However, their [3] _____ impressions can be less so, as they struggle to adapt. International students need time to adjust to the new study environment; [4] _____ they need help with that process. Decisions about how best to help international students will depend on their needs. Undergraduate and postgraduate students are very different; the [5] _____ may need an introduction to essay writing; the latter more advanced training in critical thinking skills. The student's subject is also a factor to be born in mind. Good numeracy skills are needed for engineering for example, [6] _____ good literacy skills are needed for courses such as law.

 

Đáp án:

1.

1 e

2 f

3 b

4 c

5 a

6 d

 

2.

1 b

2 b and c

3 a

4 b

5 c

6 d

 

3.

1 prior

2 nevertheless

3 on balance

4 subsequent

5 whereas

6 respectively

 

4.

1 Nevertheless

2 initial

3 subsequent

4 moreover

5 former

6 whereas OR whilst

The essay introduction below has been written in response to the Task 2 question:

Increasing numbers of students are choosing to study abroad. To what extent does this trend benefit the students themselves and the countries involved? What are the drawbacks?

Rewrite the introduction by replacing the words in bold with signposting words from this unit. Make any necessary changes to punctuation. Then complete the essay in your own words using appropriate signposting expressions where necessary.

Write at least 250 words in total.

Studying abroad has become increasingly common in the last few years, especially for young people from countries such as China and India. Many students and their families clearly consider the experience worth the sacrifices involved. Students often give up friendships when they move abroad; families often use their life savings. And many governments are willing to invest huge sums of money in sponsoring their young people to study in universities overseas. However, this trend has drawbacks as welt as benefits for those concerned.

 

Đáp án gợi ý:

Studying abroad has become increasingly common in the last few years, especially for young people from countries such as China and India. Many students and their families clearly consider the experience worth the sacrifices involved. The former often give up friendships when they move abroad; the latter often use their life savings. Moreover, many governments are willing to invest huge sums of money in sponsoring their young people to study in universities overseas. However, this trend has drawbacks as well as benefits for those concerned.

One potential drawback is that the instruction international students receive may not be relevant to their home contexts. For example, students from developing countries who go to Western countries for teacher training are often taught to use teaching techniques that are suitable for small classes. When they return home they are often expected to teach classes of 40 or 50 students. Hence, what they have been trained to do may not be relevant.

Another potential drawback is the phenomenon of "brain drain’. Prior to leaving home, they may be fully committed to returning. Nevertheless, students are often at the stage in their lives when they are forming their most important personal and professional relationships. Thus they may choose to remain in the host country on completing their studies.

However, most international students find ways of making the experience work well for themselves and others involved. Most return home, enriched by new friendships made abroad. Furthermore, most find ways of adapting what they have learned to their home context. On balance, the drawbacks do not outweigh the benefits.

 

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