Từ vựng IELTS – Unit 22: Health – Học Hay

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Từ vựng IELTS - Unit 22: Health

1. The words below describe different disorders. Circle the words that you associate with rich countries. Underline the words you associate with poor countries.

A. infection 

B. heart disease 

C. allergies 

D. obesity

E. stroke

F. dehydration

G. addiction

 

2. Read the passage below and compare your answers to Exercise 1 with the information in the passage.

Diseases of Affluence - Diseases of Poverty

Health conditions associated with wealth are sometimes referred to as diseases of affluence. These include diseases which are not communicable, such as Type 2 diabetes, cancer, and stroke as well as alcohol and drug addiction, obesity and some allergies. Risk factors for these conditions are associated with the lifestyle of the economically prosperous, in particular: physical inactivity, easy availability of meat, sugar, salt and processed foods, excessive consumption of alcohol and tobacco. and lower exposure to infectious agents.

The diseases of poverty, in contrast, are predominantly infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and diarrhoeal diseases. Risk factors for these conditions include: overcrowding, inadequate sanitation, malnutrition, and inadequate access to health care. Millions of lives could be saved every year by addressing these underlying problems and by simple preventive measures such as immunizing the population against common infectious agents.

 

3. Underline words in the passage for Exercise 2 which could be replaced by the words in bold below.

1. Minor skin disorders do not normally require hospital treatment.

2. Misuse of prescription drugs is a growing problem.

3. Germs can cause stomach upsets.

4. Vaccinating children against measles has reduced the prevalence of this disease.

 

4. The words below describe actions that medical staff may take when a person enters hospital. Number the verbs from 1 to 5 to show the order in which they typically occur.

diagnose 

discharge 

admit

treat

examine

 

5. Complete the sentences below with words a—e. Look carefully at the prepositions after the gaps to help you choose the right word.

1. In poor countries patients are sometimes _____ from hospital before they are fully cured.

A. vaccinated 

B. diagnosed 

C. screened 

D. administered 

E. discharged

 

2. If all women over the age of 50 are _____ for breast cancer, many lives can be saved.

A. vaccinated 

B. diagnosed 

C. screened 

D. administered 

E. discharged

 

3. The patient was _____ with heart disease.

A. vaccinated 

B. diagnosed 

C. screened 

D. administered 

E. discharged

 

4. All children should be _____ against infectious diseases such as measles.

A. vaccinated 

B. diagnosed 

C. screened 

D. administered 

E. discharged

 

5. The doctor _____ a drug to the patient to help him sleep.

A. vaccinated 

B. diagnosed 

C. screened 

D. administered 

E. discharged

 

Đáp án:

1.

Circle: heart disease, allergies, obesity, stroke, addiction

Underline: infection, dehydration

 

3.

1 health conditions, diseases

2 addiction

3 infectious agents

4 immunizing

 

4.

1 admit

2 examine

3 diagnose

4 treat

5 discharge

 

5.

1 e

2 c

3 b

4 a

5 d

Exam practice: Reading — answering True/False/Not given questions — completing sentences

• QUESTIONS 1—4

Do the statements 1—4 below agree with the information given in the following text? Write:

TRUE if the text confirms the statement

FALSE if the text confirms the opposite of the statement

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to know from the text

 

Scientists from the UK and USA have recently reported that over the last 30 years the incidence of Type 2 diabetes has more than doubled. They estimate that nearly 350 million adults worldwide now have the disease. In every country studied, rates of diabetes had either remained the same or increased. The rise has been particularly acute in the Pacific Islands with up to thirty per cent of women in some areas suffering from the condition.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic progressive condition which occurs when there is too much glucose in the blood. either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or because cells have become resistant to insulin. Complications resulting from diabetes include damage to kidneys, blindness, heart disease and strokes.

The condition is associated with obesity; however, nearly three-quarters of the rise has been attributed to longer lifespans and better diagnosis. Having a close relative with the disease is also a risk factor.

Type 2 diabetes has also become a major burden on health care systems around the world. Expenditure on treating the condition is projected to rise to over £30 billion annually within the next three years. However. a recent study has shown that if the condition is diagnosed within four years of onset, it can be reversed by following a low—calorie diet. Limiting food intake to 600 calories per day for eight weeks was shown to have a lasting effect on the majority of subjects who took part in the trial. For many, Type 2 diabetes can be cured — and it need not cost the earth.

 

1. More than twice as many adults have Type 2 diabetes as did thirty years ago.

2. Nearly a third of people in the Pacific Islands have diabetes.

3. Type 2 diabetes is a long—term illness which can be caused by insufficient insulin production.

4. The increase in Type 2 diabetes is partly due to greater life expectancy.

 

• QUESTIONS 5—7

Complete the sentences 5—7 using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage above.

5. Treating diabetes places a significant _____ on health care budgets.

6. If a person _____ with diabetes early, he or she can be cured.

7. Most people _____ in the low-calorie diet study made a good recovery.

 

Đáp án:

1 True

2 Not given

3 True

4 True

5 burden

6 is diagnosed

7 who took part

 

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